Drug Therapy

  • Suzetrigine: A novel nonopioid systemic analgesic

    Anthony E. Divito, MD, Matthew Sharobeem, DO, Gausan R. Bajracharya, MD and Basem B. Abdelmalak, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine February 2026, 93 (2) 94-98;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.93a.25087
    • The systemic sodium channel blocker suzetrigine may serve as another option for multimodal postoperative analgesia regimens and for managing acute nonsurgical pain.

  • Should potassium-competitive acid blockers replace proton pump inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with severe (Los Angeles grade C or D) esophagitis?

    Sandra Elmasry, MD, Allon Kahn, MD, Lisa Marks, MLS, AHIP and Neera Agrwal, MD, PhD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine February 2026, 93 (2) 84-87;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.93a.25044
    • Potassium-competitive acid blockers are reserved for patients who cannot tolerate proton pump inhibitors or who do not respond to them.

  • A new direction in pain management?

    Brian F. Mandell, MD, PhD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine February 2026, 93 (2) 67-68;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.93b.02026
    • It would be nice to have a treatment option for pain that is less limited by side effects, cognitive dysfunction, addiction potential, and red tape.

  • Thyroid eye disease: What’s the latest?

    CME Image
    Ashley B. Vincent, DO, Alexander R. Engelmann, MD, Catherine J. Hwang, MD and Christian Nasr, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine November 2025, 92 (11) 693-701;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.25043
    • A better understanding of the pathophysiology of this autoimmune disorder has led to innovative insights into its treatment, but long-term management remains a challenge.

  • Teprotumumab for thyroid eye disease: A reality check

    Julian Perry, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine November 2025, 92 (11) 702-703;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.25066
    • Initial enthusiasm for teprotumumab as therapy for thyroid eye disease has been tempered by longitudinal data suggesting that it often does not alter the natural disease course.

  • An overview of over-the-counter contraceptives: Spotlight on daily oral norgestrel

    Rujuta Takalkar, BS, Andrea Lorenzo, MD, MS and Suneela Vegunta, MD, NCMP
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine September 2025, 92 (9) 572-576;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.24108
    • Oral norgestrel, the first daily oral contraceptive pill available over the counter in the United States, is a safe, effective addition to existing over-the-counter contraceptive options.

  • Optimizing hypertension treatment: Evidence-based approaches and new drugs

    Astefanos Al-Dalakta, MD, Ahmad Ghanem, MD, Chadi Tabaja, MD, Issam Motairek, MD, Abdel Hadi El Hajjar, MD and Luke J. Laffin, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine September 2025, 92 (9) 555-564;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.24119
    • The authors discuss current evidence-based approaches to managing hypertension and optimizing blood pressure control through a series of cases representing common clinical scenarios.

  • Benzodiazepines: Caught between patient needs and guidelines

    Jasleen Kaur, MD, Vania Modesto-Lowe, MD, MPH and Margaret M. Chaplin, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine September 2025, 92 (9) 531-535;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.25019
    • Negative sentiment about benzodiazepines has intensified in recent years, and there is increasing emphasis on deprescribing even for people who have had no ill effects from them.

  • Flexibility is warranted in applying prescribing guidelines

    Brian F. Mandell, MD, PhD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine September 2025, 92 (9) 520-521;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92b.09025
    • Discontinuation of benzodiazepines in chronic users may be associated with a small increase in mortality and a higher risk of adverse events, especially in the short term after cessation.

  • Psychedelic-assisted therapy: An overview for the internist

    Brian S. Barnett, MD, Erin E. Mauney, MD and Franklin King IV, MD
    • Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine March 2025, 92 (3) 171-180;
    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.92a.24032
    • The authors review the potential effects, risks, and therapeutic applications of the psychedelic drugs MDMA (Ecstasy) and psilocybin, with a focus on MDMA-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder and psilocybin-assisted therapy for depression.

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